Oil prices have started 2007 with a plunge, but support should come from steady Asian growth for light oil products this year, as strong regional economies and tougher fuel specifications soak up crude supplies.

Less than 100,000 barrels per day (bpd) of new Asia-Pacific crude is set to hit the market, though refiners will be able to draw on increased West African supplies to meet booming demand for transport and petrochemical fuels.

The stronger oil product demand -- after a weak 2006 that saw governments slash retail subsidies, thin refining margins and new arbitrages out of the region -- should boost downstream profits as industries and holidaymakers get used to costly fuel.

"Demand seems on the verge of a new spurt, buttressed by high economic growth in China, India and the commodity-producing countries," said Lehman Brothers. "New refining capacity growth remains lower than incremental demand for oil."

The 14 percent crude futures drop this month will lower refining costs, but outright price risks remain from potential for OPEC cuts, investor flow swings or geopolitical disruptions.

Asia's top oil consumer China decided to trim crude imports from Iran for 2007, amid worries over its nuclear dispute with the West, and increase purchases by 9% from Saudi Arabia. Kazakh and Venezuelan supplies to China are also on the rise.

China's oil demand, which roiled markets in 2004, is seen up 5.4%, slowing from 5.6% last year, says the International Energy Agency. The swing factor will be how it takes advantage of oil's fall to fill up new strategic tanks.

Demand from Japan is not seen rising as the import-reliant country strives for greater efficiency and to use higher rates of nuclear power, while South Korea is going on its biggest energy hunt yet to secure more supply from Korean-owned fields.

India's crude buying is seen as stable ahead of a burst of new refineries around the turn of the decade. Indonesian buying will be volatile as it struggles to stay a net oil exporter.

The key structural change will be the launch of Dubai Mercantile Exchange's sour crude Oman futures this year, giving Asia a home-grown contract for pricing and speculation that may spur liquidity, aid transparency and rearrange trading flows.

Against a backdrop of stable Asian crude supply, OPEC cuts and non-OPEC growth, fuel demand keeps on rising. Economies are mostly seen posting slower growth, but in China and India 9.5% and 7.6% GDP growth is still expected.

"The strength of the (oil demand) growth is in road transportation, due to burgeoning demand in commercial transport," said analyst John Waterlow from Wood Mackenzie.

The Chinese are buying 10 new cars a minute and the country may turn gasoline importer this year. Indonesia and Vietnam -- Asia's two top motor fuel importers -- are expected to see even stronger 2007 GDP growth of 6% and 8.5%.

In Indonesia, whose demand was dampened after sharp retail price hikes in 2005, December motorcycle sales surged 27%.

"It is remarkable how well developing Asia has handled high oil prices," said Al Troner, head of Asia Pacific Energy Consulting Inc. "Further spec tightening can be expected -- it is cumulative, progressive and irreversible."

Vietnam has switched to lower sulphur diesel this month and Indonesia will follow suit in March, when it may boost diesel purchases further. This buying will continue for the year as refineries run at lower capacity and take time to upgrade units.

China is due to launch one or two new refineries, but otherwise product supply growth will be limited to a few Thai projects and South Korean upgrades, a survey shows. The Middle East may cut back swing product exports to meet its own needs.

This should be supportive for oil product cracks, and refiner bottomlines -- simple units are breaking even after months of losses. Cracking margins for Dubai crude in Singapore are the strongest since July.

Diesel demand growth in Asia is seen up 3.5%, says consultancy Purvin & Gertz. New North Asian petrochemical plants will boost demand for feedstock naphtha. Regional air passenger growth, seen at 5.7% by IATA, will suck up jet fuel.

Heavy fuel oil will remain in the dumps, as uncertain Chinese buying and increased exports from Western refiners leave fuel oil cracks mired at double digit discounts. But regional growth in storage capacity will lead to opportunities for trading plays.

The stronger middle distillate picture, versus a bearish start to top consumer the United States' demand, means product flows across the Pacific may be limited, but new arbitrages are opening up between East and West, to be helped by cheaper freight this year as new tankers plough out of Asian shipyards.

Traders will be looking to offload high-sulphur supplies to Africa and South America, where fuel standards are lower, and Europe may increasingly ship naphtha to Asia.

"The world will be fairly well balanced with the East occasionally short, which will provide more chances for European cargoes to be shipped to the East," said Jim Weinrauch, analyst at Naphtha Information Services in Singapore. - Reuters